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  • An Evaluation of Flavor Retention in Measuring Cylinders During Ice Cream Mix Addition: Impact of Cylinder Size and Pouring Speed

  • Sri Srinivasa Dairy Products Pvt Ltd Hyderabad

Abstract

The consistent distribution of flavor stands as an essential element of ice cream production but losses during ingredient transfer often go unrecognized. The research examines how measuring cylinders with capacities of 60 ml, 500 ml, and 1000 ml retain flavor during ingredient transfers and evaluates the effect of pouring speeds (slow, medium, and fast) on the amount of flavor that remains in the cylinders. The research involved measuring the remaining volumes of three popular ice cream flavors—Vanilla, Mango and Orange after transferring them into measuring cylinders. Research data shows that 60 ml cylinders maintain more flavor because of better surface adhesion as slower pouring speeds minimize flavor loss. Data analysis shows a link between cylinder size and pouring speed with flavor retention that points to potential improvements in ice cream production methods. The research recommends optimal methods for reducing flavor loss by employing larger cylinders and slower pour rates to boost production efficiency and maintain flavor consistency in ice cream manufacturing. The food industry can improve ingredient usage and waste reduction through these research findings.

Keywords

Ice Cream Production, Measuring Cylinder, Flavour, Flavour Retention, Vanilla Flavour, Mango Flavour, Orange Flavour, Food Safety, Quality Improvement, Sustainable Practices, Advanced Manufacturing, Customer Satisfaction

Introduction

Flavor consistency is very important in ice cream and the measurement of flavoring blends is a key factor in achieving a consistent taste. However, one aspect that is often overlooked is the loss of flavor in the measuring cylinder after transferring it to the ice cream mixture. The aim of this study is to estimate the flavor retention due to cylinder shape and pouring speed, evaluate its statistical significance, and propose methods to minimize the losses.

2. Research Objectives

2.1 Assess the remaining flavor in the measuring cylinders after transfer for each of the cylinder sizes (60ml, 500ml, 1000ml).

2.2 Investigate the influence of different pouring speed (slow, medium, fast) on flavor retention.

2.3 Measure the losses of flavor ingredients of ice cream of different types.

2.4 Develop pouring methods which will result in less waste while being more productive in the production of the ice cream mix.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

Experimental Design

Equipment Used: Measuring cylinders (60ml, 500ml, 1000ml), digital weighing scale, Empty measuring cylinders.

    1. Flavors Tested: Vanilla, Mango, and Orange.
    2. Pouring Speeds:

3.1.1Fast pouring speed is the normal pouring speed normally done in the industries.

      1. Medium pouring speed is the speed to wait more time to come out all liquid flavor from the flavor cylinder.
      2. Slow pouring speed means waiting until no drops are likely to come out of the cylinder.
    1.  “Uniplast” measuring cylinders used for the   experiment specially made for laboratory grade and safe to use.

4. Procedure:

    1. First, we cleaned the measuring cylinders and dried to ensure that no moisture content should be there.
    2. Took empty weight of measuring cylinder.
    3. Took flavour up to its full volume.
    4. Weight again flavour with measuring cylinder.
    5. Pour the flavour in another container and noted down the time at different speeds, Normal (Fast speed), Little slower (Medium speed), Little slower (Slow) that max content should come out of the cylinder
    6. We noted down the time for each speed—fast, medium, and slow—to analyze its effect on retention.
    7. The amount remaining in each cylinder was measured and recorded. Experiments were repeated five times per condition for accuracy.
    8.  For the accuracy of the experiment, we maintained the temperature recommended by the flavor manufacturer.

Data Collection and Statistical Analysis

Trial with Vanilla Flav

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred P

V-1

12.13

71.82

Slow (26.40)

12.38

0.25

0.42

V-2

12.13

71.82

Medium (15.56)

12.95

0.82

1.37

V-3

12.13

71.82

Fast (9.08)

13.03

0.90

1.51

 

Trial

With Vanilla Flav

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

 

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred

P

V-1

57.80

592.25

Slow (41.83)

58.150

0.29

0.05

V-2

57.80

592.25

Medium (24.68)

59.070

1.27

0.24

V-3

57.80

592.25

Fast (12.02)

59.50

1.70

0.32

 

Trial

With Vanilla Flav

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

 

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred

P

V-1

97

910

Slow (45.0)

98.23

1.23

0.15

2

97

910

Medium (23.2)

98.56

1.56

0.19

V-3

97

910

Fast (9.31)

98.92

1.92

0.24

 

Trial

With Mango Flav

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

 

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred

P

M-1

12.13

71.66

Slow (30.40)

12.380

0.25

0.42

M-2

12.13

71.66

Medium (18.32)

12.950

0.82

1.38

M-3

12.13

71.66

Fast (9.08)

13.06

0.93

1.56

 

Trial

With Mango Flav

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred P

M-1

58.01

592.86

Slow (37.21)

58.43

0.42

0.08

M-2

58.01

592.86

Medium (25.43)

59.33

1.32

0.25

M-3

58.01

592.86

Fast (13.21)

59.81

1.80

0.34

 

Trial

With Mango Flav

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred   P

M-1

99.01

912.01

Slow (35.03)

100.33

1.32

0.16

M-2

99.01

912.01

Medium (19.51)

100.79

1.78

0.22

M-3

99.01

912.01

Fast (9.80)

100.95

1.94

0.24

 

Trial

With Orange Flav

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

 

Measuring Cylinder (60 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred

(P)

O-1

12.11

71.66

Slow (43.12)

12.28

0.15

0.25

O-2

12.11

71.66

Medium (21.11)

12.54

0.41

0.69

O-3

12.11

71.66

Fast (10.32)

12.82

0.69

1.16

                                   

Trial

With Orange Flav

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

Measuring Cylinder (500 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred

(P)

O-1

57.83

592.22

Slow (43.12)

58.13

0.30

0.06

O-2

57.83

592.22

Medium (25.36)

59.14

1.31

0.25

O-3

57.83

592.22

Fast (11.52)

59.58

1.75

0.33

 

Trial

With Orange Flav

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) Empty weight (X)

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) Weight with Flav (Y)

Speed of addition (in Sec) T

 

Measuring Cylinder (1000 ml) after emptied (Z)

Flav Quantity retained in measuring cylinder (Y-Z)

% Flav Not Transferred

(P)

O-1

98

911

Slow (30)

99.44

1.44

0.18

O-2

98

911

Medium (17.54)

99.52

1.52

0.19

O-3

98

911

Fast (9.49)

99.74

1.74

0.21

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

from experimental studies on flavor retention in measuring cylinders

5.1 Effect of cylinder size on flavor retention

• The small measuring cylinder (60 ml) retained the highest percentage of flavor in all tests. This indicates a higher surface adhesion effect due to the larger surface-to-volume ratio.

    1. Effect of pouring speed on flavour retention
      1. Slow pouring resulted in the least flavour retention across all cylinder sizes. This suggests that allowing more time for the liquid to drain reduces residues left in the cylinder.
      2. Faster pouring increased flavour retention, especially in the smaller measuring cylinders. This was probably due to greater adhesion to the inner walls due to increased turbulence.

5.3 Comparison of Flavor Types

5.3.1 Across all cylinder sizes and pouring speeds, Vanilla, Mango, and orange flavors exhibited similar retention trends.

5.3.2 Mango and Vanilla flavors had slightly higher retention percentages than Orange, suggesting that the composition (e.g., viscosity or oil content) of different flavors may impact adherence.

5.4 Recommended Best Practices

      1. Use large measuring cylinders (preferably 1000ml) where possible to minimise flavour loss.
      2. Choose a slow pour speed to minimise retention and ensure maximum flavour transfer into the ice cream mixture.
      3. Consider modifying cylinder surface properties (e.g., using non-stick coatings) to further minimize flavor adherence.

Overall Summary

This study highlights that both cylinder size measurement and pouring speed significantly affect flavor retention during preparation of ice cream mixtures. Optimizing these factors can reduce waste, improve flavor consistency and increase production efficiency.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The authors would like to express sincere gratitude to the following individuals for their invaluable guidance and support in the development of this research:

  • Mr. Sudhir Shah, Managing Director of Scoops Ice Cream and President of the Indian Ice Cream Manufacturers Association (IICMA), for his insightful perspectives on the industry's challenges and opportunities.
  • Mr. Amit Shah, Director of Scoops Ice Cream Hyderabad, for his practical insights into the operations and marketing of a successful ice cream business.
  • Mr. Nitin B Shah, Dairy and Ice Cream consultant, for his in-depth knowledge of the industry and his guidance on sourcing and production best practices.
  • Mr. G Vinod Kumar Reddy, Quality Control Incharge, Scoops Ice Cream Hyderabad.
  • Ms. G Archana & Ms. Shamim, Internship Student for her effort in doing the experiment carefully and recording the values.

REFERENCE

  1. Goff, H. D., & Hartel, R. W. (2013). Ice Cream. Springer Science & Business Media.
  2. Kilara, A., & Chandan, R. C. (2007). Dairy Ingredients for Food Processing. John Wiley & Sons.
  3. Tharp, B. W., Young, N., & Arbuckle, W. S. (2012). The Science of Ice Cream. Royal Society of Chemistry.
  4. FSSAI (2022). Food Safety and Standards (Food Product Standards and Food Additives) Regulation, 2011 (Updated 2022). Food Safety and Standards Authority of India.
  5. Tharp & Young on Ice Cream Tharp, B. W., & Young, R. J. (2012). Tharp & Young on Ice Cream: An Encyclopedic Guide to Ice Cream Science and Technology.
  6. ICE CREAM by W.S. Arbuckle Arbuckle, W. S. (1986). Ice Cream. 4th ed., Springer

Reference

  1. Goff, H. D., & Hartel, R. W. (2013). Ice Cream. Springer Science & Business Media.
  2. Kilara, A., & Chandan, R. C. (2007). Dairy Ingredients for Food Processing. John Wiley & Sons.
  3. Tharp, B. W., Young, N., & Arbuckle, W. S. (2012). The Science of Ice Cream. Royal Society of Chemistry.
  4. FSSAI (2022). Food Safety and Standards (Food Product Standards and Food Additives) Regulation, 2011 (Updated 2022). Food Safety and Standards Authority of India.
  5. Tharp & Young on Ice Cream Tharp, B. W., & Young, R. J. (2012). Tharp & Young on Ice Cream: An Encyclopedic Guide to Ice Cream Science and Technology.
  6. ICE CREAM by W.S. Arbuckle Arbuckle, W. S. (1986). Ice Cream. 4th ed., Springer

Photo
Ajay Kumar Dubey
Corresponding author

Sri Srinivasa Dairy Products Pvt Ltd Hyderabad

Ajay Kumar Dubey*, An Evaluation of Flavor Retention in Measuring Cylinders During Ice Cream Mix Addition: Impact of Cylinder Size and Pouring Speed, Int. J. Sci. R. Tech., 2025, 2 (3), 601-605. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15102492

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