Effect of L-Ascorbic Acid on The Synthesis, Structural Features, And Spectral Properties of Cds Nanoparticles

Nanotechnology is now considered one of the most important technologies of the twenty-first century. It has several applications in nanoelectronics, nanobiotechnology, nanomedicine and health care, cosmetics, material science, developed-country economic growth plans, and many other fields. Nanometer-sized semiconductor particles are a type of material that resides between molecules and solids. Because of their intriguing unique properties, research on quantum scale semiconductor particles has increased significantly during the last two decades [1-4]. The ability of semiconductor nanoparticles to change colour as they expand in size is one of their most enticing qualities. Controlling and increasing the luminescence properties of quantum dots has been a major focus of nanoparticle production. Practical applications of II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles, such as zero-dimensional quantum confined materials, optoelectronics, and photonics, are becoming increasingly popular. Several papers have been published in the literature on synthetic procedures and potential applications of nano-sized semiconductor particles [5-9]. Colloidal methods can be used to produce semiconductor nanocrystals that are soluble in organic solvents and have a narrow size distribution. Surface chemistry is a potent tool for organizing and immobilizing nanocrystals, as well as successfully changing their emission properties. Manipulation of the generated nanocrystals is also possible by appropriate surface modification with capping agents, allowing them to be compatible with almost any chemical environment and soluble in organic solvents. Large-scale production of semiconductor nanoparticles, such as solid powder, is critical not only for understanding their physical properties, but also for practical applications in catalysis, photocatalysis, and microelectronics. Recent improvements in the chemical manufacture of monodispersed II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles on a gram scale [10, 11] have shown the method's usefulness. Cadmium sulfide is an important semiconductor with a variety of optoelectronic applications including solar cells, photodiodes, light-emitting diodes, nonlinear optics, and heterogeneous photocatalysis. In this study, we employed a chemical precipitation method to generate CdS nanoparticles. The particles are described using XRD, UV-visible, and particle size analysis. Cadmium chalcogenides are intensively researched materials [12, 13] due to their well-known relationship between optical absorbance and size, among other fascinating properties. Cadmium sulfide could be used as a bioorganic detector [14] for proteins [15] or DNA [16, 17]. We can make core/shell nanoparticles with enhanced luminescence using cadmium sulfide and an appropriate surface modification [18, 19].

MATERIALS AND METHODS

For a synthesis, analytical grade purity Cadmium Chloride (CdCl₂ 99% Purity), Sodium Sulphate (_Na2S), and L- Ascorbic acid were utilized. The co-precipitation approach was used to synthesis CdCl₂+Na₂S=CdS+2Nacl. Cadmium Chloride and sodium Sulphate were utilized as precursors in the synthesis, which was carried out in double distilled water mixed solvent. For the synthesis of CdS nanoparticles. In 100 ml of double distilled water, 0.2 M of cadmium chloride (1.8322 grams) was dissolved. The sample was gently settled down and the solvent was withdrawn when an equimolar solution of sodium sulfate (0.7804 gram) was added drop by drop to the solution of cadmium chloride under continuous stirring. To eliminate contaminants, the precipitate was washed twice or three times with double distilled water. Finally, it was dried at 100°F for 3 hours.

Synthesis of L- ascorbic acid doped CdS nanoparticles

The CdS nanoparticles were doped in various quantities. In an air atmosphere, 1.3 wt% L-ascorbic acid was produced in distilled water. 0.2 M of cadmium chloride (1.8322 gm) was dissolved in 50 ml of double distilled water and 0.2M of sodium sulphate (0.7804 gm) in 50 ml of distilled water were added drop by drop to the solution of CdCl2 under continuous stirring, then 1wt% of L -ascorbic acid (0.035224 gm) was added to the above solution and stirred until the homogeneous The process was performed with a different concentration of 3% L-ascorbic acid (0.105672 gramme) doping.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Powder XRD study

Figure 1 depicts the powder XRD patterns of CdS and doped 1,3 wt% L- Ascorbic acid nanoparticles obtained using an X-ray diffractometer. The particle size of these nanoparticles was calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula.

        D = Kλ/ βcosθ

Where, is the X-ray length, is the angle of reflection, and B is the entire breadth of half maximum. The X-Ray diffraction patterns of L-Ascorbic acid doped CdS nanoparticles were recorded on an X-Ray diffractometer, and the data was analysed with powder X software. The XRD patterns are presented in fig. 1. It is obvious from the XRD patterns that the produced CdS particles are nano size. As confining from the entire width at half Maxima, the surface is high. The determined average size is 10 nm.

UV- Vis study

Fig.2 depicts the UV-visible spectrum of CdS nanoparticles. The acute sharpness of the absorption edge can be ascribed to the particle size dispersion being relatively tiny. The absorption edge of raw CdS is about 515 nm (2.43 eV), while the absorption peak location in processed samples is around 300-320 nm.A UV visible spectrometer was used to evaluate the synthesized liquid (Model –Black –C-SR 50, Stellernet Inc.USA spectral range 190-1083 nm). The U-V-V spectra of pure and L-ascorbic acid doped (fig.3) show that the transparency of rises with increasing concentrations of 1, 3 wt% L-ascorbic acid.

Fig.2 UV-visible absorbance spectra of CdS nanoparticles and doping with 1, 3 wt % of L Ascorbic Acid

Fig 4.  Particle Size analysis of CdS particle

Results of CdS host particles

Fig5.  Particle Size analysis of 1 wt % of L- Ascorbic acid CdS particle

Fig 5 shows the 1 wt % of L- Ascorbic acid CdS particle

Fig 6.  Particle Size analysis of 3 wt % of L- Ascorbic acid CdS particle