Spatial Analysis of Medicine Consumption and Disease Prevalence {A Case Study in Lalbagh, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh}

Grasping the patterns of medicine use and the occurrence of diseases is vital for evaluating public health trends and enhancing healthcare access. In city regions such as Lalbagh, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, the sale of medicines frequently indicates the impact of seasonal epidemics, ongoing health conditions, and self-treatment habits. Lalbagh, being a crowded center for both commerce and residence, offers a varied healthcare environment shaped by socioeconomic conditions, availability of pharmacies, and attitudes towards seeking healthcare.

This research investigates the connection between medication usage and the frequency of diseases by examining pharmacy sales figures, hospital documentation, and public health statistics. Its goal is to recognize prevalent diseases, seasonal changes, and possible healthcare deficiencies impacting the area. The results will yield data-driven insights to aid public health initiatives, enhancements in medical infrastructure, and policy suggestions for improved healthcare strategies in urban areas.

STUDY AREA:

The study focuses on Lalbagh, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, a densely populated urban center that serves as both a commercial and residential hub. Known for its bustling marketplaces, well-established healthcare facilities, and diverse demographic composition, Lalbagh presents an ideal setting for analyzing medicine consumption trends and disease prevalence. Its high population density and access to multiple pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics make it a significant area for studying public health patterns and healthcare accessibility.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The main goal of this study is to examine the connection between patterns of medicine use and the occurrence of diseases in Lalbagh, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. This research aims to explore the relationship between the spatial arrangement of pharmacies and healthcare centers and prevalent health conditions in the region.

• Identify the most common diseases in Lalbagh locality, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
• Determine the most frequently sold medicines in local medical stores.
• Analyze whether the availability of medicines aligns with public health needs.
• Assess the role of medical stores in self-medication trends.

METHODOLOGY:

The methodology includes the following steps:

• Design: A mixed-methods approach integrating quantitative (statistical analysis of medicine sales and disease data) and qualitative (interviews with pharmacists and residents) methods for a comprehensive understanding of disease prevalence.
• Population and Sample: Stratified sampling of pharmacies, hospitals, and residential areas to ensure representation across different socio-economic groups and demographics.
• Data Collection:

• Quantitative Data: Pharmacy sales records, hospital disease reports, and government health databases (NCDC, IDSP, NFHS-5).
• Qualitative Data: Interviews with pharmacists and local residents on medicine demand and self-medication trends.

• Ethical Considerations: Confidentiality and anonymity maintained for all data sources, ensuring ethical research practices.

FINDINGS:

This study analyzed the spatial distribution of medicine consumption and its correlation with disease prevalence in Lalbagh, Lucknow, based on pharmacy sales data. The findings provide insights into common health conditions affecting the local population.

1. High Prevalence of Viral Fevers and Infections

The significant sales of Paracetamol-based medications (Dolo 650, Calpol) indicate a high incidence of viral infections, including flu, dengue, and typhoid. The demand for Azee 500 (Azithromycin), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, suggests widespread bacterial infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and throat infections.

2. Increased Cases of Gastrointestinal Disorders

The frequent purchase of Pantop DSR, Pan 40, Pudin Hara, and Digene points to a high prevalence of acid reflux, GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease), and digestive issues. This could be linked to dietary habits, stress, and irregular eating patterns.

3. Respiratory Diseases and Allergy-Related Issues

The notable consumption of Montair LC (Montelukast + Levocetirizine) suggests that asthma, allergic rhinitis, and sinus-related illnesses are common in the region. These conditions may be exacerbated by air pollution, seasonal allergies, and environmental factors.

4. Widespread Cases of Joint Pain and Inflammation

The high demand for Dolo Zerodol SP (Aceclofenac + Paracetamol + Serratiopeptidase) indicates that arthritis, muscle injuries, and joint pain are common. This may be due to an aging population, occupational strain, or increased cases of inflammatory conditions.

5. Rising Incidence of Liver Disorders

The regular sale of Liv 52 (Liver tonic) suggests a significant presence of liver-related issues, including fatty liver disease and alcohol-induced liver damage. This trend may be influenced by lifestyle choices, alcohol consumption, or metabolic disorders.

6. High Prevalence of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases

The increased use of Amlo Press AT (Amlodipine + Atenolol) indicates widespread cases of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This is likely due to factors such as dietary habits, stress, sedentary lifestyles, and genetic predisposition.

RESULT DISCUSSION:

The findings highlight key disease trends in Lalbagh, Lucknow, based on pharmacy sales data. Viral infections, gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory diseases, joint pain, liver problems, and hypertension are the most prevalent health concerns in the area. These insights can help guide healthcare planning, public health interventions, and resource allocation to address the most pressing medical needs of the population.