A Review of Literature on Panchashirisha Agada: (Albizialebbeck Benth)

Abstract

Ayurveda is a branch of the science of well-being. The vast majority of Ayurvedic medication is derived from plants. Ayurveda's specific field of agada tantra (toxicology) emphasizes the many forms of poisoning and how to treat them. Various therapy modalities are employed in the management of distinct poisoning instances. One of the modalities called agada (antidote) is made by combining several anti-poisonous plants. Panchashirisha Agada is one of the important herbal medicines for Keeta Visha (insect bite) that the Shushruta Samhita mentions. It has broad-spectrum medicinal properties. The five parts of this plant are the fruit, root, bark, flower, and leaves. In Bruhattrayee (the major Ayurvedic treatises), several formulations of Shirisha with varying ways of administration have been recorded for the treatment of various poisons.

Keywords

Introduction

Additional Purposes of Different Part Shirisha

• Shirisha Beeja is used as Prathisharana in Visha Chikitsa and Dantha kashta (tooth brush twigs). ⁹
•  Shirisha Twak (bark), Phala (fruits), and Sara (heart wood) are utilized in several forms of Mushika damsha (rat bites), such as Putraka, Krishna, and Kashaya danta, for Lepa (ointments), Paana (internal treatment), and Anjana.¹⁰
• In a similar vein, Sara (heart wood) is utilized for Shirovirechana (Nasya), while Phala is used for Vamana (emesis).¹¹
• In keeta visha - Shirisha Twak (bark) is utilized for Paana (internal medicine), Lepa chikitsa (ointments), Alepa (external application), and Seka in Keeta visha chikitsa (insect poisoning).¹²
• In Lutha visha - Shirisha Twak (bark) is utilized for both Paana (internal treatment) and Lepa (ointment) in Pitta Pradhana Luta Damsha (spider bites).¹³
• In mushika visha - Shirisha Twak is employed in Vishadagdha Vrana as Prathisarana (rubbing).¹⁴

According to Modern Point of View¹⁵

 · Botanical Name - Albizzia lebbeck.

 · Classical Name – Shirisha

 · English Name – lebbeck

 · Kannada name – bage mara

· Genus – Albizzia

· Species - A. lebbeck

· Family – Fabacea

Chemical Composition

The Phytochemical constituents of this plant reveals the Bark contains 7-11% tannins; Dcatechin D-leucocyanidin and it yield seven compounds. Including frieedlan-3-one-and ysitosterol. The leaves contain echinocystic acid and it yield flavon, vicenin II and β-sitosterol. Flowers yield triterpiniods, saponins, labbekanin D and 4 saponins glycosides lebbckannins D, F, G & H. Mature leaves of Albizzialebbeck contained keto acids including phosphoenolpyruvate, glyoxalate, oxalacetate and α-oxoglutarate; vicenin-2, reynoutrin, rutin, myricitrin and robinin from leaves. Leaves also have alkaloids, flavonoids, tanins, saponins. Oil obtained from seeds contains sterols, methyl sterols, triterpene alcohol, tocopherol, hydrocarbons and carotenoids, cycloeucalenol, 24-ethylphenol, cycloartenol. Compositional studies indicated carbohydrates as major components while saponin was found as a major antinutrient in both pods and seeds. Potassium was found in the highest amount and copper in the lowest.

DISCUSSION

The best is Shirisha. The following are analgesics: Vedanasthapaka, anti-inflammatory Shothaghna, anti-poisoning Vrana Ropaka, and shamaka Tridosha.¹⁶ It directly eliminates the Visha and prevents its spread into the Rakta by calming the Bhrajaka Pitta, which is located in the Twacha. Twak is the primary portion of the plant that is utilized.¹⁷ Nasal inhalation, or Nasya, is one of the best is Shirisha. Vedanasthapaka is an elimination therapy that aids in clearing the nasal passage of pollutants, poison, and vitiated Doshas. Sthavara Visha (5th Vega), Darveekar A Sarpadamsha (3rd and 7th Vega), and Rajimanta Sarpadamsha (6th Vega) all mention it when a person is unconscious and exhibits symptoms of poisoning, including obstruction of the nose, eyes, tongue, throat, and ears. Nasya was poisoned by Luta.

CONCLUSION

Shirisha, according to Ayurveda, functions because of its prabhava, or vishghna activity. Shirish is a very promising plant in many different activities, as evidenced by the numerous alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and scientifically proven actions it possesses. For this reason, ancient Aacharyas referred to it as the Vishaghna plant. Shirisha is considered the best antipoisonous medication, according to Acharya Charaka, who also listed it in Vishaghana Gana Dravyas (antipoisonous drugs). Shirish's pharmacodynamics demonstrates that it has Kashay and Tikta Rasa. In bite situations, Kashay Rasa aids in the healing process while Tikta Rasa has antitoxic properties of its own. Numerous investigations carried out by various branches utilizing various plant parts have demonstrated antibacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, immunomodulatory, antiarthritic, anti-asthmatic, anticonvulsant, and anti-allergic properties.

REFERENCE

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