Mandesh Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research Center, Mhaswad -415509
Diuretics are medicines that make the body pass more urine and salt. They work by blocking sodium (salt) reabsorption in different parts of the kidney: ? Proximal tubule ? SGLT2 inhibitors, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. ? Loop of Henle ? loop diuretics. ? Distal tubule ? thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics. ? Collecting tubule ? mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Because each type works in a different way, they can be combined for better effect. These drugs are used to treat problems like heart failure, kidney diseases, and high blood pressure. ? SGLT2 inhibitors lower blood pressure, protect the heart and kidneys, and don?t disturb sodium or potassium levels. ? Acetazolamide helps in acute heart failure. ? Loop diuretics reduce high blood pressure and extra fluid in the body, but sometimes cause electrolyte imbalance. ? Thiazide diuretics mainly lower blood pressure, but can cause low sodium (hyponatremia) and low potassium (hypokalaemia). ? Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists also protect the heart and kidneys and reduce blood pressure, but may cause high potassium (hyperkalaemia).
Akash Jadhav*, Varad Dhobale, Aishwarya Pise, Diuretics ? A Review of the Current Knowledge, Int. J. Sci. R. Tech., 2025, 2 (11), 432-437. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17627361
10.5281/zenodo.17627361
