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  • Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Using Guar Gum Powder as A Natural Polyelectrolyte

  • 1M.Sc. scholar, Department of Environmental Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad
    2Research Scholar, Department of Environmental Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad
    3Professor, Department of Botany, Bioinformatics, and Climate Change Impacts Management
    4Professor and Head, Department of Environmental Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad
     

Abstract

Natural substitutes for synthetic polyelectrolytes are being investigated as a result of the growing need for environmentally acceptable and sustainable wastewater treatment methods. This study explores guar gum powder's potential as an environmentally friendly coagulant for wastewater treatment that is sustainable. The effectiveness of guar gum, a non-toxic and biodegradable polysaccharide, in removing suspended particles and COD from wastewater was assessed. With the right doses and pH levels, the results demonstrated that guar gum powder had coagulation effectiveness equivalent to that of manufactured polyelectrolytes. The treated wastewater complied with the regulations needed to be released into the environment. The environmental effect of wastewater treatment can be decreased by using guar gum powder as a sustainable and eco-friendly substitute for synthetic polyelectrolytes. In support of a more sustainable and ecologically friendly method of water management, this study shows the potential of guar gum powder as a green coagulant for sustainable wastewater treatment.

Keywords

Guar gum powder, green coagulant, Natural Polyelectrolyte, Coagulation- flocculation, Synthetic polyelectrolyte

Introduction

Natural materials like guar gum are being investigated as possible substitutes for traditional treatment techniques due to the growing need for efficient and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment solutions. Because it is inexpensive, plentiful, and non-toxic, guar gum—a biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide—has drawn interest for use in wastewater treatment. It is extracted from the seeds of the Cyamopsis tetragonolobus plant. (L. Saya et al.,2021; S. Mandal et al.,2022) Materials based on guar gum have been thoroughly investigated for their capacity to eliminate heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater. Because of its hydroxyl group-rich structure, the polymer may be functionalized in a variety of ways, which improves its adsorption properties. Studies have demonstrated the potential of guar gum-based nanocomposites for real-time wastewater treatment applications, as well as its promise in the adsorption and photo-catalytic destruction of contaminants. (S. Mandal et al.,2022) Guar gum in a variety of forms, including hydrogels and nanocomposites, has been shown in studies to effectively separate water from oil and eliminate heavy metals like cadmium and lead from tainted water sources (Lei Dai et al.,2017; S. Mukherjee et al.,2018) Guar gum-based composites' adsorption properties and multifunctionality are further improved by the addition of other components, such as magnetic nanoparticles and activated carbon, opening up potential in intricate wastewater treatment procedures (V. Gupta et al.,2020)

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:

MATERIALS:

  1. Guar Gum Powder
  2. Synthetic polyelectrolyte
  3. Moringa Oleifera Seeds Powder
  4. Chick Pea Seed Powder
  5. Bentonite Clay
  6. Alum
  7. Lime

Reference

  1. APHA (2017). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 23rd ed. American Public Health Association.
  2. APHA (2017). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 23rd ed. American Public Health Association.
  3. Dai, L., Wang, B., An, X., Zhang, L., Khan, A., & Ni, Y. (2017). Oil/water interfaces of guar gum-based biopolymer hydrogels and application to their separation. Carbohydrate polymers, 169, 9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.096.
  4. Gupta, V., Agarwal, S., Ahmad, R., Mirza, A., & Mittal, J. (2020). Sequestration of toxic congo red dye from aqueous solution using ecofriendly guar gum/ activated carbon nanocomposite. International journal of biological macromolecules. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.025.
  5. IS 3025 (Part 33) (2009). Methods of Sampling and Test (Physical and Chemical) for Water and Wastewater. Part 33 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).
  6. Mandal, S., Hwang, S., & Shi, S. (2022). Guar gum, a low-cost sustainable biopolymer, for wastewater treatment: A review. International journal of biological macromolecules, 226, 368-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.039.
  7. Mukherjee, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Zafri, M., Zhan, X., Hashim, M., & Gupta, B. (2018). Application of guar gum for the removal of dissolved lead from wastewater. Industrial Crops and Products, 111, 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2017.10.022
  8. Saya, L., Malik, V., Singh, A., Singh, S., Gambhir, G., Singh, W., Chandra, R., & Hooda, S. (2021). Guar gum-based nanocomposites: Role in water purification through efficient removal of dyes and metal ions. Carbohydrate polymers, 261, 117851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117851.

Photo
Ezhava Shruthi
Corresponding author

M.Sc. scholar, Department of Environmental Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad

Photo
Aayushi Panchal
Co-author

Research Scholar, Department of Environmental Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad

Photo
Bharat Maitreya
Co-author

Professor, Department of Botany, Bioinformatics, and Climate Change Impacts Management

Photo
Solanki Hitesh
Co-author

Professor and Head, Department of Environmental Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad

Ezhava Shruthi*, Aayushi Panchal, Bharat Maitreya, Solanki Hitesh, Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Using Guar Gum Powder as A Natural Polyelectrolyte, Int. J. Sci. R. Tech., 2025, 2 (4), 518-522. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15257724

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