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Mandesh Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research Center, Mhaswad -415509
Diuretics are medicines that make the body pass more urine and salt. They work by blocking sodium (salt) reabsorption in different parts of the kidney: ? Proximal tubule ? SGLT2 inhibitors, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. ? Loop of Henle ? loop diuretics. ? Distal tubule ? thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics. ? Collecting tubule ? mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Because each type works in a different way, they can be combined for better effect. These drugs are used to treat problems like heart failure, kidney diseases, and high blood pressure. ? SGLT2 inhibitors lower blood pressure, protect the heart and kidneys, and don?t disturb sodium or potassium levels. ? Acetazolamide helps in acute heart failure. ? Loop diuretics reduce high blood pressure and extra fluid in the body, but sometimes cause electrolyte imbalance. ? Thiazide diuretics mainly lower blood pressure, but can cause low sodium (hyponatremia) and low potassium (hypokalaemia). ? Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists also protect the heart and kidneys and reduce blood pressure, but may cause high potassium (hyperkalaemia).
This article explains the main types of diuretics (water pills) and how they are used to treat kidney problems and high blood pressure. Diuretics are medicines that help the body get rid of extra water and salt by making you urinate more. Different types of diuretics work in
different ways, so doctors can combine them for better results. These medicines act on different parts of the kidney’s filtering system — the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule [1].
Akash Jadhav*, Varad Dhobale, Aishwarya Pise, Diuretics ? A Review of the Current Knowledge, Int. J. Sci. R. Tech., 2025, 2 (11), 432-437. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17627361
10.5281/zenodo.17627361